1982_Self-Actualization Profile of Eleanor Roosevelt

Piechowski and Tyska present a detailed case study of Eleanor Roosevelt as a self-actualizing individual, following Piechowski’s (1978) study of Saint-Exupéry. Analysis of 197 biographical statements produced a self-actualization profile strikingly similar to Saint-Exupéry’s, despite their representing Maslow’s two proposed types—the nontranscending “doer” and the transcending “seer.” The study identified two new traits not in Maslow’s original list—Humility and Equitableness—and argued that what the two self-actualizers shared may be more significant than the distinction between them.